12.1 Conductivity and Capacitance

For continuum elements, the conductivity k may be specified for isotropic, orthotropic or anisotropic material. The capacitance c is only necessary for transient analysis and is always isotropic.

Both conductivity k and capacitance c may be constant or variable. A variable property can depend on potential (temperature, concentration), on time, or on both.

$$\phi \nabla \phi \phi \dot{{\phi}}$$ (12.1)